This article contains Urdu grammar elements for next articles with this language. It is necessary because it can lay in next comparisons with other languages. The comparison between Turkmen and Urdu is shown in the previous article and it gave the result that Urdu is unique language and it isn’t borrowed from others. Urdu words are close to Hindi and both of them are Hindustani as it is approved by modern linguists.
Urdu is written on Perso-Arabic script and Hindi is written by Devangari . The last is traditional script in India and Perso-Arabic was formed in Arabia and Iran.
It doesn’t give big differences between these two languages and they are grammatically close elements of Hindustani.
So, Urdu has the three cases (direct, oblique and vocative), and appropriated forms of the suffixes. The cases are marked by endings and constructions which are attached on endings of words.
For example,the oblique case is marked by sound “e” if a noun is singular and is masculine with ending “a” and “an” in the direct case.
This article was written by Ilya Duchanin.
Phonology of languages 
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